explorer (ek
------------------------
establish (v) found, build
establishable (adjective)
establisher (n)
---------------------
extensive (a) enlargement
ex·ten·sion·al·i·ty, ex·ten·sion·al·ism, noun
ex·ten·sion·al, adjective
ex·ten·sion·al·ly, adverb
ex·ten·sion·less, adjective
ex·ten'sive·ly adv., ex·ten'sive·ness n.
------------------------------------------
racist, noun, adjective
Wednesday, June 27, 2007
Tuesday, June 26, 2007
TOEFL writing essay
Time
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When you are explaining the sequence of events, you may want to use these expressions
--------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Before--------------- next --------------then ------------------------often
after---------------- during -----------always----------------------- sometimes
since-------------- at the same time----- while ----------------------meanwhile
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Degree
When you are explaing why one thing is more or less important than another thing, you maywant to use these expressions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
most important --------------------first------------------ primarily -------------essentially
less important --------------------second --------------secondary --------------principally
lasically---------------------- subordinate------------------- lesser------------------- chiefly
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comparison and Contrast
When you are explaing how two or more things are similar or how they are different, you may want to use these expressions
---------------------------------------------
To compare
similar to---------------- similarly ---------------like, alike-------------------- either/or
cossespondingly ---------resemble ------------almost the same as -------at the same time as
as --just as ---in a like manner ----in the same way
common in----- than --------also---------- neither/nor
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To contrast
===================================================================
differ from----------- however--------------otherwise------------ still
nevertheless -------------even do--------------- different form --------less than
more than------------ unlike --------------in contrast to------------- on the other hand
although------------ while yet --------------but------------------------- instead
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cause and Effect
If you are explaing what something is by giving an example or if you are restating something for emphasis, you may want to use these expressions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
in other words------- to clarify------ to explain--------- to parapharase
as -------like ---------that is--------------- for example
such as-------- for instance----------- to illustrate------------- namely
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Explanation
Addition --------besides----------- furthermore --------------as well as
moreover--------- similarly ---------also --------------what's more
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When you are explaining the sequence of events, you may want to use these expressions
--------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Before--------------- next --------------then ------------------------often
after---------------- during -----------always----------------------- sometimes
since-------------- at the same time----- while ----------------------meanwhile
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Degree
When you are explaing why one thing is more or less important than another thing, you maywant to use these expressions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
most important --------------------first------------------ primarily -------------essentially
less important --------------------second --------------secondary --------------principally
lasically---------------------- subordinate------------------- lesser------------------- chiefly
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comparison and Contrast
When you are explaing how two or more things are similar or how they are different, you may want to use these expressions
---------------------------------------------
To compare
similar to---------------- similarly ---------------like, alike-------------------- either/or
cossespondingly ---------resemble ------------almost the same as -------at the same time as
as --just as ---in a like manner ----in the same way
common in----- than --------also---------- neither/nor
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To contrast
===================================================================
differ from----------- however--------------otherwise------------ still
nevertheless -------------even do--------------- different form --------less than
more than------------ unlike --------------in contrast to------------- on the other hand
although------------ while yet --------------but------------------------- instead
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cause and Effect
If you are explaing what something is by giving an example or if you are restating something for emphasis, you may want to use these expressions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
in other words------- to clarify------ to explain--------- to parapharase
as -------like ---------that is--------------- for example
such as-------- for instance----------- to illustrate------------- namely
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Explanation
Addition --------besides----------- furthermore --------------as well as
moreover--------- similarly ---------also --------------what's more
Sunday, June 24, 2007
6/24/07
Web: http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-06-24-voa7.cfm
Vocabulary:
mortality (more-tal'-lo-te) bloodshed, carnage, deadliness, destruction, dying, extinction, fatality, killing, lethality
intense ( in-ten-s)
epidemiologist ( e-pi-di-mi-o-lo-gist)
immune (
epidemic
Vocabulary:
mortality (more-tal'-lo-te) bloodshed, carnage, deadliness, destruction, dying, extinction, fatality, killing, lethality
intense ( in-ten-s)
epidemiologist ( e-pi-di-mi-o-lo-gist)
immune (
epidemic
Thursday, June 21, 2007
Model test 1(Barron)
__Listening__
Listening_2: Geology class
Drainage (Rei-ne-je) The water that is drained off.
-------------
Pattern(pat-tern) A plan, diagram, or model to be followed in making things
Topography
(To-pok-ra-phi) The character, natural features, and configuration of land
---------------------------------
Consequently (Kon_si_quen-tly) As a result; therefore.
Ex: I was late for class. Consequently, I didn't have time to finish the test.
-------------------------
Conclusion ( Kon-lu-zon) the end or finish.
Ex: If you follow reason far enough it always leads to conclusions that are contrary to reason
Dendritic (din-ra-dic-k) relating to a dendritic cell.
-----------------------------
Resemble (re-zemble) To be similar to,
--------------------------------
Radial (Re-del) Moving or directed along a radius.
---------------------------
Radiate (Re-di-ai)
-----------------------
Trellis ( Trel-lis) A structure of open latticework, especially one used as a support for vines and other creeping plants.
-----------------------
Alternate (ol-ter-nai) periodic
-------------------------------------
erode (i-row-d) To consume gradually, as by chemical reaction or friction
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
outcrop (Out-krop) outgrowth
-------------------------------------------------
dictate ( dik-tei) order
-----------------------------------------------
Listening_3: Art class
appeal (a-pil) request, application
-------------------
Visual (vi-zhua-al) seen,seeable
-------------------------
Preserve (pri-zurv) protect,shield and defend
----------------------------------
permanent (per-me-nent) durable, stable
------------------------------------
Impression (
---------------------------
observation ( op-zer-ve-son)
----------------------------------
guillotine (gil-la-tin)
-------------------------
Sculpture (kup-chua)
-------------------
exercution
------------------------------
outrageous
-------------------
disposal
---------------------------
implementtation
--------------------------------------
------------------------------------
-----------------------------------
------------------------------------
-----------------------------------
----------------------------------
----------------------------------------
Listening_4:
Listening_5:
Listening-6:
Vocabulary6/21/07
Accelerate ( Ak-se-le-rate) speed it up.
Stubborn (stup-bun) Unreasonably
Predecessor ( Pre-di-set-ser) Bill Clinton is Bush's predecessor.
Skiff ( Skep) small boat.
Negotiate (Ne-go-ti-at-te) Bargain
Delegate (de-le-gat-te) person commissioned to act instead of another.
impoverish ( Im-pon-ver-ish) (v) make poor,bankcrupt
impoverished (a) poor
Stubborn (stup-bun) Unreasonably
Predecessor ( Pre-di-set-ser) Bill Clinton is Bush's predecessor.
Skiff ( Skep) small boat.
Negotiate (Ne-go-ti-at-te) Bargain
Delegate (de-le-gat-te) person commissioned to act instead of another.
impoverish ( Im-pon-ver-ish) (v) make poor,bankcrupt
impoverished (a) poor
Wednesday, June 20, 2007
Tuesday, June 19, 2007
Bush, Olmert Back Palestinian President
U.S. President George Bush and Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert are backing Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas following his dismissal of a unity government led by the Islamic militant group Hamas. President Abbas' Fatah group retains control of the West Bank, which is Israeli occupied, after Hamas took power in the Gaza Strip. VOA White House Correspondent Scott Stearns reports on a meeting Tuesday between Mr. Olmert and Mr. Bush at the White House.
President Bush says he and the Israeli Prime Minister share a common way forward toward an independent Palestinian state alongside Israel. And that vision is based on helping Palestinian moderates led by President Abbas.
"He was elected. He is the president. Secondly, we recognize that it was Hamas that attacked the unity government," the president noted. "They made a choice of violence."
Hamas won democratic elections last year. But President Bush says those leaders have failed the Palestinian people by sparking the violence in Gaza that led to President Abbas swearing-in a new cabinet on Sunday.
The United States and European Union moved quickly on Monday to back Mr. Abbas's new government by announcing an end to an economic and political embargo put in place after the Hamas electoral victory in January 2006.
Prime Minister Olmert says he stands ready to meet again with President Abbas, but he did not say he is ready to revive peace talks with the Palestinians, which collapsed in 2000.
"The idea that I have is to talk with him of the current issues that can help upgrade the quality of life for the people and provide them better security in the West Bank and to share with him the efforts to combat terror," he said:Since Hamas gained control of Gaza, Israel has sealed the border crossings into the strip, leading to fears of a humanitarian crisis. Prime Minister Olmert says Israel will continue to provide everything that is necessary to meet humanitarian needs.
"Israel will not be indifferent to the human suffering in Gaza," he added. "Israel will be different from the Palestinians themselves, because the reality is that all this suffering is caused by Palestinians against their own people. What Hamas was doing in Gaza is absolutely atrocious and intolerable."
Hamas refuses to recognize Israel or renounce violence. Israel, the European Union and the United States consider it a terrorist group. Much of its support comes from Syria.
Prime Minister Olmert says he is ready to meet with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. Ahead of Tuesday's talks at the White House, President Bush said Israel does not need U.S. mediation to initiate talks with Syria. In the past, the Bush administration has been cool to the idea of Israeli-Syrian talks.
The president and prime minister also discussed efforts to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons. Mr. Bush said it is a "serious threat" to the security of the Middle East, and he will continue working with allies to tighten economic sanctions.
Iran says it is enriching uranium only for peaceful civilian purposes.
Website: http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-06-19-voa25.cfm
Vocabulary:
dismissal: In litigation, a dismissal the result of a successful motion to dismiss. See motion (legal
President Bush says he and the Israeli Prime Minister share a common way forward toward an independent Palestinian state alongside Israel. And that vision is based on helping Palestinian moderates led by President Abbas.
"He was elected. He is the president. Secondly, we recognize that it was Hamas that attacked the unity government," the president noted. "They made a choice of violence."
Hamas won democratic elections last year. But President Bush says those leaders have failed the Palestinian people by sparking the violence in Gaza that led to President Abbas swearing-in a new cabinet on Sunday.
The United States and European Union moved quickly on Monday to back Mr. Abbas's new government by announcing an end to an economic and political embargo put in place after the Hamas electoral victory in January 2006.
Prime Minister Olmert says he stands ready to meet again with President Abbas, but he did not say he is ready to revive peace talks with the Palestinians, which collapsed in 2000.
"The idea that I have is to talk with him of the current issues that can help upgrade the quality of life for the people and provide them better security in the West Bank and to share with him the efforts to combat terror," he said:Since Hamas gained control of Gaza, Israel has sealed the border crossings into the strip, leading to fears of a humanitarian crisis. Prime Minister Olmert says Israel will continue to provide everything that is necessary to meet humanitarian needs.
"Israel will not be indifferent to the human suffering in Gaza," he added. "Israel will be different from the Palestinians themselves, because the reality is that all this suffering is caused by Palestinians against their own people. What Hamas was doing in Gaza is absolutely atrocious and intolerable."
Hamas refuses to recognize Israel or renounce violence. Israel, the European Union and the United States consider it a terrorist group. Much of its support comes from Syria.
Prime Minister Olmert says he is ready to meet with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. Ahead of Tuesday's talks at the White House, President Bush said Israel does not need U.S. mediation to initiate talks with Syria. In the past, the Bush administration has been cool to the idea of Israeli-Syrian talks.
The president and prime minister also discussed efforts to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons. Mr. Bush said it is a "serious threat" to the security of the Middle East, and he will continue working with allies to tighten economic sanctions.
Iran says it is enriching uranium only for peaceful civilian purposes.
Website: http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-06-19-voa25.cfm
Vocabulary:
dismissal: In litigation, a dismissal the result of a successful motion to dismiss. See motion (legal
Iran Expels Thousands of Afghan Workers
Iran is forcibly repatriating tens of thousands of Afghan nationals, calling the undocumented workers a drain on the Iranian economy. From Islamabad, VOA correspondent Benjamin Sand reports the United Nations says more than 100,000 Afghans have been deported from Iran in the last two months.
U.N. and Afghan officials say as many as 2,000 Afghans are being deported everyday.
Afghan authorities have asked Tehran to end the immigration crackdown, saying the massive flood of forced returnees could overwhelm local resources.
U.N. spokesman Adrian Edwards says the international body has also shared its concerns with Iranian officials in the Afghan capital.
"Quite clearly it is a concern and when you do something like this it does have to be done in a humane manner," said Edwards. "It does have to be orderly and gradual so the receiving country can cope."
He says most of those being forced out of Iran are illegal workers, not refugees, so technically the Iranian operation is considered legal.
Iran told the U.N. and the Afghan government in February that it would begin deporting illegal immigrants later this year.
The U.N. says there are around 920,000 registered Afghan refugees in Iran along with at least one million undocumented Afghans.
Edwards says many of the Afghans being deported have been separated from their families, including young children.
Nearly all of the returnees say Iran is making them pay for their own transportation costs even as they are being forced out of the country.
There are also widespread reports of Iranian abuse of Afghans.
The New York-based Human Rights Watch says many of the deportees claim they were seriously beaten before being driven out of Iran.
The Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission says some Afghan nationals have died from injuries inflicted by Iranian police.
Human Rights Watch is calling on Iran to immediately halt the mass deportations and give the Afghans an opportunity to seek asylum if appropriate.
Iranian officials in Kabul are denying any allegations of abuse along the border and say the transfers will continue as planned.
They say the undocumented workers are being forced out because of the extraordinary impact they are having on Iran's economy.
Iranian businesses are under pressure from U.S.-led economic sanctions over Tehran's refusal to halt its controversial nuclear program.
http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-06-19-voa28.cfm
Vcabulary
U.N. and Afghan officials say as many as 2,000 Afghans are being deported everyday.
Afghan authorities have asked Tehran to end the immigration crackdown, saying the massive flood of forced returnees could overwhelm local resources.
U.N. spokesman Adrian Edwards says the international body has also shared its concerns with Iranian officials in the Afghan capital.
"Quite clearly it is a concern and when you do something like this it does have to be done in a humane manner," said Edwards. "It does have to be orderly and gradual so the receiving country can cope."
He says most of those being forced out of Iran are illegal workers, not refugees, so technically the Iranian operation is considered legal.
Iran told the U.N. and the Afghan government in February that it would begin deporting illegal immigrants later this year.
The U.N. says there are around 920,000 registered Afghan refugees in Iran along with at least one million undocumented Afghans.
Edwards says many of the Afghans being deported have been separated from their families, including young children.
Nearly all of the returnees say Iran is making them pay for their own transportation costs even as they are being forced out of the country.
There are also widespread reports of Iranian abuse of Afghans.
The New York-based Human Rights Watch says many of the deportees claim they were seriously beaten before being driven out of Iran.
The Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission says some Afghan nationals have died from injuries inflicted by Iranian police.
Human Rights Watch is calling on Iran to immediately halt the mass deportations and give the Afghans an opportunity to seek asylum if appropriate.
Iranian officials in Kabul are denying any allegations of abuse along the border and say the transfers will continue as planned.
They say the undocumented workers are being forced out because of the extraordinary impact they are having on Iran's economy.
Iranian businesses are under pressure from U.S.-led economic sanctions over Tehran's refusal to halt its controversial nuclear program.
http://www.voanews.com/english/2007-06-19-voa28.cfm
Vcabulary
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